by

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音标发音

英式音标 [baɪ]
美式音标 [baɪ]
英式发音
美式发音

基本解释

prep. 由，被；通過；相差……；到……之前；在……旁邊
adv. 經過；（時間）過去；在旁邊；短暫訪問
n. （躰育比賽）輪空晉級
adj. 旁邊的，側麪的

词源解说

直接源自古英語的be or bi，意爲靠近，在，經由，大約。

同根派生

by相关词

用法辨析

prep. (介詞)

by在表示時間時,常與動詞的一般時、將來時、完成時或將來完成時連用。作“在…時候”解時,常用於by day〔night〕短語中。
by表示方式(除作“抓住…”解時)或原因後接名詞時,名詞前通常不加冠詞。
by表示方式作“憑著”解時,其後常接反身代詞; 作“乘”解時,後接交通工具,其前不加冠詞。
by表示比率作“以…爲單位”解時,常與表示單位的名詞或數詞連用,名詞前常用定冠詞; 作“…比…”解時,用於兩個數字之間表示麪積。
by表示累加時,前後一般用同一個名詞、數詞或副詞,名詞前不用定冠詞,且不用於複數形式。
by表示動作者的時候,常用於被動結搆。
by用於被動結搆時，既可以引出施動者，也可用來表示做某事的手段。

英汉例句

用作介詞 (prep.)

On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.
在寒冷的夜晚坐在爐火旁邊很舒服。

用作副詞 (adv.)

She hurried by without speaking to her teacher.
她匆匆經過,沒有跟她的老師說話。

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词组短语

用作介詞 (prep.)

動詞+～

abide by 遵守;信守;堅持;履行
adopt by acclamation 通過口頭表決方式通過
brush by 觸到，擦及
carry by acclamation 通過口頭表決方式通過
catch sb by surprise 使某人喫驚，使驚異，使感到意外

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英英字典

劍橋英英字典

(AGENT) used to show the person or thing that does something
(METHOD) used to show how something is done
(POSITION) near or at the side of
(NOT LATER THAN) not later than; at or before
(MEASUREMENT) used to show measurements or amounts
(DURING) during
used when describing someone's character, job, etc.
If something is all right/fine by someone, they agree that it can happen.
at the side of or (in distance or time) past

柯林斯英英字典

baba
If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it.
If you do something by a particular means, you do it using that thing.
If you achieve one thing by doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing.
You use by in phrases such as "by chance" or "by accident" to indicate whether or not an event was planned.
If someone is a particular type of person by nature, by profession, or by birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into.
If something must be done by law, it happens according to the law. If something is the case by particular standards, it is the case according to the standards.
If you say what someone means by a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to.
If you hold someone or something by a particular part of them, you hold that part.
If you are by yourself, you are alone.
If you do something by yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you.
Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it.
By is also an adverb.
If a person or vehicle goes by you, they move past you without stopping.
By is also an adverb.
If you stop by a place, you visit it for a short time.
By is also an adverb.
If you do something by day, you do it during the day. If you do it by night, you do it during the night.
In arithmetic, you use by before the second number in a multiplication or division sum.
You use by to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feet by fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction.
If something increases or decreases by a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost.
Things that are made or sold by the million or by the dozen are made or sold in those quantities.
You use by in expressions such as "minute by minute" and "drop by drop" to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once.

专业释义

躰育

(因一方已贏而不再打的)餘穴 (= bye1)
漏擊得分