tough

音标发音

• 英式音标 [tʌf]
• 美式音标 [tʌf]
• 国际音标 [tʌf]
• 英式发音
• 美式发音

基本解释

• adj. 艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的
• n. 恶棍
• vt. 坚持；忍受，忍耐
• adv. 强硬地，顽强地
• n. (Tough)人名；(英)图赫

词源解说

• 直接源自古英语的toh；最初源自古日耳曼语的tankhuz，意为困难的。

词根记忆

• “塔夫”→像塔一样的壮夫→强健的

同根派生

• adv性质的同根词

  toughly：固执地；强硬地。

• n性质的同根词

  toughness：[力]韧性；强健；有粘性。

• vi性质的同根词

  toughen：变坚韧；变顽固。

• vt性质的同根词

  toughen：使…坚韧；使…顽固。

• toughish adj. 有点儿强硬的

• tough相关词

用法辨析

• tough作形容词时可表示“凶恶的”的意思，还可作名词表示“恶棍”的意思，都是美式英语的用法。

• tough使用方法
• tough详细辨析

英汉例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语: ～+ n.

• He has a tough character.
  他有一个坚韧的性格。

用作表语: S+be+～

• He is dreadfully tough.
  他极其粗鲁。

S+be+～+ prep .-phrase

• They are very tough on drunk drivers.
  他们对酒后驾车者十分严格。

S+be+～+to- v

• He is tough to work with.
  他很难共事。

• tough更多例句

词组短语

用作形容词 (adj.)

～+名词

• tough competition 激烈的竞争

副词+～

• dreadfully tough 极其粗鲁的

～+动词

• tough to work with 很难与…共事

～+介词

• tough on 对…很严格

短语

• Tough fight 打硬仗;攻坚战
• Tough Mudder 国际障碍大赛;最强泥人;泥巴硬汉
• tough shooting 难爆破的
• Tough Steel 韧性钢
• wire tough 引线托触;引线张力

• tough更多词组

英英字典

剑桥英英字典

• (STRONG) strong; not easily broken or made weaker or defeated
• (DIFFICULT) difficult to do or to deal with
• (FOOD) Tough food is difficult to cut or eat.
• (VIOLENT) likely to be violent or to contain violence; not kind or pleasant
• (UNLUCKY) unlucky
• a violent person

柯林斯英英字典

• A tough person is strong and determined, and can tolerate difficulty or suffering.
• toughness
• If you describe someone as tough, you mean that they are rough and violent.
• A tough place or area is considered to have a lot of crime and violence.
• A tough way of life or period of time is difficult or full of suffering.
• A tough task or problem is difficult to do or solve.
• Tough policies or actions are strict and firm.
• A tough substance is strong, and difficult to break, cut, or tear.
• Tough meat is difficult to cut and chew.

• tough剑桥字典
• tough柯林斯字典

专业释义

化学

• 增韧

  Many methods have been developed. One of the most successful methods is to cure epoxy resin by using tough curing agent contained soft segments component.
  环氧树脂的增韧改性方法很多，采用分子结构中含柔性链段的固化剂，固化并增韧环氧树脂的方法，具有环氧树脂的力学性能受影响小，工艺简单，加工方便等优点。

  经济学

• 吃苦耐劳

交通运输工程

• 坚韧的