spoil

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spoil的基本意思是“变坏,腐烂”或“破坏,损坏”,使物体在外形、用途、力量、精力、价值等方面损坏,含有彻底损坏而不能补救的意味。引申可作“溺爱”“惯坏”解,强调过分骄纵而对性格、性情的损害,也可作“把事情搞糟”或“使人扫兴”解。
spoil还可作“抢劫; 强夺”解,过去式、过去分词只用spoiled。
spoil可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
spoil后接介词by表示“因…而毁坏; 因…而宠坏”; be spoiling for的意思是“一心想,切望”。
spoil的过去分词spoilt可用作形容词,在句中作定语。
spoil的过去式和过去分词均可为spoilt或spoiled。

(DESTROY) to destroy or reduce the pleasure, interest, or beauty of something
(TREAT WELL) to treat someone very or too well, especially by being extremely generous
(CHILD) to allow a child to do or have everything that it wants to, usually so that it expects to get everything it wants and does not show respect to other people
(EARTH) earth, stones, etc. dug out from a hole in the ground
(PROFITS) goods, advantages, profits, etc. that you get by your actions or because of your position or situation

If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory.
If you spoil children, you give them everything they want or ask for. This is considered to have a bad effect on a child's character.
If you spoil yourself or spoil another person, you give yourself or them something nice as a treat or do something special for them.
If food spoils or if it is spoiled, it is no longer fit to be eaten.
If you say that someone is spoiled for choice or spoilt for choice, you mean that they have a great many things of the same type to choose from.