spadework

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This will demand a large amount of spadework as well as one strategic choice.
这既需要大量的基础工作，也需要管理层做出战略选择。
In the meantime, he says, macroeconomists should turn to patient empirical spadework, documenting crises past and present, in the hope that a fresh theory might later make sense of it all.
同时，他又说，宏观经济应对经验性的基础工作更为耐心，记录过去及现在的危机，希冀日后会有一种全新的理论能解释这一切。
blog.sina.com.cn
No less important is the spadework being done by the Securities andExchange Commission, America'smain markets watchdog.
当然，美国市场的看门狗——证监会所做的基础工作也不可忽视。

After Congress's 1995 ruling, a Palestinian historian, Walid Khalidi, did a little spadework.
ECONOMIST: Jerusalem
And you will at least have done a lot of spadework if you decide to engage the services of a planner in the flesh.
FORBES: Watch Your Assets
The effort was referred to as WebGov, managed by a dedicated team at GSA who had been doing the spadework on the project for several years.
WHITEHOUSE: Statement of The Honorable Sally Katzen